Electric power industry in the four classic aspects of the sale of electricity in addition to the new more to be stable
Recently, much social concern of the electric power system reform six supporting documents introduced, this is since the self in March this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued "on the further deepening of the power system a number of opinions" (hereinafter referred to as the No. 9), the national development and Reform Commission led to organize the relevant departments to promote the safe and orderly power system reform an important indicator of the outcome. Relates to lose with electricity price, market construction, electricity trading agencies formed and standardized operation, hair with scheme of electricity, electricity sales side of the reform and the coal owned power plant supervision and management aspects of supporting documents, focused on solving the No. 9 proposed "open, an independent" (i.e. the orderly liberalization of transmission and distribution outside the competition part of the price, orderly to open social capital placing electrical business, orderly release public and regulatory outside the power plan, promote institutional trading is relatively independent, standardized operation) specific implementation issues, conducive to the orderly conduct of the work of the pilot.
No matter from market economic theory, or from the point of view of domestic and international power industry reform practice, in the power generation industry, transmission, distribution and electricity (the sale of electricity) four classic link, power generation and sale of electricity two link to competitive link, can and should gradually introducing competition mechanism; transmission and distribution link belongs to the typical natural monopoly sectors, regardless of the transmission with two links and, can not be contrary to the objective laws of electricity business area only exclusive monopoly. And from China's specific national conditions and the situation, at this stage, the score that is to maintain the integration of the integration of the transmission and distribution is more appropriate. Because of this, the No. 9 focus to advance the state of comprehensively deepen reform, comprehensive governing the country according to law and to promote the strategic height of energy production and consumption revolution, from China's actual conditions, to further improve the government and enterprise separately, separate the factory and network, main and auxiliary separation of, clearly put forward the restrain intermediate, open at both ends of the electric power system architecture, which is a major innovation of a new round of the reform of electric power system in, was in 2002 the State Council document No. 5 development and perfect. Since 2002, the electric power system reform, through the reform of the power plant network, focused on solving the power industry in the orderly liberalization of the upstream part of the initial establishment of the power generation side market competition mechanism. A new round of electric power system reform is on this basis, the introduction of competition in the sale of electricity, to break the pattern of a single purchase and sale of electric power grid enterprises, and gradually form a multi buyer - seller, the market competition pattern.
Future electric power industry will be along the green, intelligent, market-oriented direction of development. With the social progress and the development of smart grid, deepening of vast power users and society and power system interconnection and interaction, users of power system right to know, right to choose and participation in the demand is becoming more and more urgent. To promote the reform of the sale of electricity, is to implement the right to choose the user, enhance the quality of the sale of electricity services and user level, to improve the user's consumer surplus. Sells the electricity side reform and reform of electricity price, trading system reform, coordinate with the electric plans to reform propulsion, form the effective competition market structure and market system, promoting the optimal allocation of energy resources, improve energy efficiency and clean energy consumptive level, improve the safety of power supply reliability.
Promote reform of the sale of electricity, the first way to train the sale of electricity, so that users have some". No. 9 are put forward to develop the five sales of electricity subject, the on promoting sells the electricity side reform implementation opinions "(hereinafter referred to as the" implementation of the opinions ") mainly according to whether have the distribution network the sale of electricity companies are divided into three categories: first is the existing power grid enterprises continue to retain market business of selling electricity; the second category is investment in social capital increment distribution network, with distribution network operation in electricity sales company; the third is that does not have the distribution network the right to operate independent of the sale of electricity companies. Retain power grid enterprise market business of selling electricity, accelerate the development of new sales of electricity subject to enter the market, the sale of electricity, is from China's actual conditions to promote the safe and orderly the realistic choice of the sale of electricity reform side, more conducive to enhance user option, reduce market risk. The same power supply business district can have multiple sale of electricity companies, but only a company has the distribution network the right to operate, and provide guaranteed service. Distribution network operation right of two types of electricity sales company owned, in addition can be engaged in market of business of selling electricity, but also bear including electric power universal service, guarantee power supply service; grid enterprises should bear without discrimination to the distribution area of the main players in the market and the user provides each kind of service, on behalf of the state government funds and market main body of settlement of electricity charges, charged. Power generation companies and other social capital can be invested in the establishment of an independent sales company. Users with distributed power or micro grid can be commissioned by the sale of electric power companies sell electricity business. Water supply, gas supply, heating and other public service industries, as well as energy service companies can be engaged in market sales of electricity business.
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